ditch witch collars is a special equipment used to implement horizontal directional drilling. Its working principle mainly includes measurement and navigation, drilling and drill collar, drilling guidance control and so on.

The working principle of ditch witch collars can be roughly divided into the following steps:

Survey and navigation: ditch witch collars first survey and navigate the borehole location. The commonly used measurement techniques include inclination measurement, azimuth measurement and displacement measurement. Among them, the inclination measurement is to measure the Angle between the drill bit and the vertical direction by sensors such as gyroscope or inclinometer, the azimuth measurement is to measure the Angle between the drill bit and the geomagnetic north direction by magnetometer or magnetic force sensor, and the displacement measurement is to measure the displacement of the drill collar in the well to determine the position of the drill collar.

Drilling and drilling collars: ditch witch collars achieve the purpose of drilling a well by driving a drill bit into the ground. Usually, a drill bit consists of a drill rod and a drill collar. The drilling speed and drilling force of the bit can be adjusted by controlling the working parameters of the drill. After the bit enters the ground, the drilling process is completed by rotating the drill pipe and applying bit weight. The control of drilling speed, drill collar rotation speed, feed speed and other parameters can be realized by the ditch witch collars operation control system.

Borehole guidance control: According to the location information obtained in the previous survey and navigation, the ditch witch collars should implement borehole guidance control according to the design requirements so that the borehole can be oriented according to the design requirements. This usually involves controlling the rotation, feed, and tilt of the drill collar to change the direction and tilt of the hole. By controlling the drill collar through the control system, the drilling hole can be guided according to the design requirements, so as to achieve the target of horizontal directional drilling.

ditch witch collars basically works by repeating the above steps in a loop. In the actual operation, the rig operator needs to control and adjust the measurement and navigation, drilling and drill collar, drilling guidance control and other processes through the control system to achieve the expected orientation effect. At the same time, the operator also needs to monitor the progress of drilling and the working status of the rig in real time, in order to adjust the working parameters in time to ensure the accuracy and effect of drilling and drilling guidance.

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